Indasteri ea koporo, e le eona indasteri e ka sehloohong ea indasteri ea terata le likhoele, le eona e 'nile ea phela hammoho le "mathata a ka hare le mathata a tsoang linaheng tse ling" lilemong tsa morao tjena.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, tlhōlisano ea lithaka e ntse e eketseha le ho feta, 'me ka lehlakoreng le leng, e boetse e sokeloa ke ba nkelang sebaka.
Joalo ka ha bohle re tseba, koporo ke mohloli oa bohlokoa oa leano la polokelo ea naha, ho latela boemo ba hajoale ba tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa koporo, merafo ea koporo e netefalitsoeng ea China e ka kopana le ts'ebeliso ea naha ea lilemo tse 5 feela.Hajoale, indasteri ea li-cable ea malapeng e ja lithane tse fetang limilione tse 5 tsa koporo, ho feta 60%.E le ho finyella tlhokahalo e tsoelang pele, naha joale e hloka ho sebelisa chelete e ngata ea lichelete tsa kantle ho naha selemo se seng le se seng ho kenya koporo, e ikarabellang bakeng sa hoo e ka bang 3/5 ea koporo.
Sebopeho sa tlhokahalo e tlase ea indasteri e sa sebeliseng ferrous, motlakase, thekiso ea matlo, lipalangoang (haholo-holo likoloi), mechine le lisebelisoa tsa motlakase ke likarolo tse ka sehloohong.Har'a litšepe tse arohaneng, hoo e ka bang 30% ea aluminium e sebelisoa mohahong oa thekiso ea matlo, 'me hoo e ka bang 23% e sebelisoa lipalangoang (empa haholo-holo likoloi);Hoo e ka bang 45% ea koporo e sebelisoa masimong a matla le a cable;Hoo e ka bang 6% ea loto e sebelisoa ho sheathing ea cable;Zinc e boetse e sebelisoa matlong, Borokhong, liphaepheng, le litereneng tse kholo le tsa literene.
Taba ea bobeli, lilemong tsa morao tjena, ho ea ka pono ea indasteri ea terata le lithapo tsa lapeng, ka lebaka la theko e phahameng ea koporo, hammoho le lisebelisoa tsa aluminium tse ngata ho feta lisebelisoa tsa koporo - lisebelisoa tsa China tsa bauxite li maemong a mahareng, a nang le libaka tse 310 tsa tlhahiso. e ajoa liprofinseng tse 19 (litikolohong).Kakaretso ea polokelo ea ore e bolokiloeng ea lithane tse limilione tse likete tse 2.27, e boemong ba bosupa lefatšeng - ka hona, indasteri ea koporo le eona e bile le tšusumetso e itseng.
Tlhahlobo ea tlholisano ea indasteri ea koporo ea lehae
Batho ba ka sehloohong ba ka kenang indastering ea ho qhibilihisa koporo ke lichelete tsa poraefete le lichelete tsa kantle ho naha, empa chelete ea poraefete ka kakaretso e phehella melemo ea nako e khuts'oane, 'me ho qhibiliha ha koporo ho hloka matsete a holimo le litlhoko tsa tekheniki, hammoho le melao e thata ea mmuso mabapi le maemo a phihlello ea indasteri, monyako. e phahamisoa, thibelo ea kaho ea boemo bo tlase e pheta-phetoang le nako e telele ea kaho le lithibelo tse ling, motse-moholo oa poraefete ha o khone ho kena indastering ea ho qhibilihisa koporo ka tekanyo e kholo.Koporo ke mohloli oa maano oa naha, o bohlokoa haholo ho ts'ireletso ea naha, mmuso o na le lithibelo tse thata mabapi le ho kena ha motse-moholo oa kantle ho naha, motse-moholo oa kantle ho naha o tsepamisitsoe haholo indastering ea ts'ebetso ea koporo.Ka hona, ka kakaretso, ba ka kenang lik'hamphani tse kholo tsa koporo ha se tšokelo.
Hona joale, indasteri ea ho qhibilihisa koporo le ho e lokisa ea Chaena e ntse e tobane le palo e kholo ea likhoebo tse nyenyane le tse nyenyane, ka 2012, likhoebo tse kholo tsa indasteri li ne li nka karolo ea 5.48%, likhoebo tse mahareng li nka 13.87%, likhoebo tse nyenyane li nka karolo ea 80,65%.Matla ka kakaretso a R&D a khoebo ha a lekana, melemo e theko e tlase e ntse e putlama butle-butle, likhoebo tsa meepo ea koporo li kenella indastering ea ts'ebetso ea koporo ka bongata bo boholo, thekiso e phahameng ea likhoebo le bokhoni ba tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tse tlase. le letoto la maemo a ntshetsopele.Ka nts'etsopele ea nako e telele ea indasteri ea koporo ea China, ho thehiloe lihlopha tse kholo tsa likhoebo tse kang Jinlong, Jintian le Hailiang, 'me lik'hamphani tse ngata tse thathamisitsoeng tse kang Jiangxi Copper, Tongling Nonferrous Metal le Jingcheng Copper le tsona li hlahile.Lihlopha tse kholo tsa likhoebo li atlehile ho hlokomela ho kopanngoa le ho hlophisoa bocha ha likhoebo tse nyane le tse mahareng, 'me likhoebo tsa malapeng tse qhibilihisang metsi li kene likhoebong tse sebetsang ka koporo ka bongata bo boholo.
Litšokelo tse ngata ho indasteri ea koporo
Tsoelopele ea indasteri ea koporo e boetse e tobane le likotsi tse ling.Ka lebaka la kholo e potlakileng ea tlhokahalo ea koporo le khaello ea lisebelisoa tsa koporo, theko ea lihlahisoa tsa koporo e 'nile ea e-ba boemong bo phahameng' me e feto-fetoha ka nako e telele, 'me litšenyehelo tsa indasteri ea koporo e tlaase e ntse e le holimo, e le hore ba indasteri e tlase e na le tšusumetso ea ho fumana mekhoa e meng.Hang ha ho kenngoa ha lihlahisoa tsa koporo ho thehoa, hangata ho na le ho se khonehe.Joalo ka ho nkela terata ea optical bakeng sa terata ea koporo indastering ea likhokahano, ho nkela aluminium sebaka bakeng sa koporo indastering ea matla, le ho nkela aluminium sebaka sa koporo sebakeng sa sehatsetsing.Ha lisebelisoa tse ling li ntse li tsoela pele ho hlaha, 'maraka o tla fokotsa tlhokahalo ea bareki ba koporo.Le hoja ka nako e khutšoanyane, mekhoa e meng e ke ke ea fetola khaello ea lisebelisoa tsa koporo, 'me ho sebelisoa ha lihlahisoa tsa koporo ho tla tsoela pele ho atoloha, empa ka nako e telele, tlhokahalo e feletseng ea indasteri ea koporo e baka tšokelo.Ka mohlala, indastering ea tšebeliso ea koporo, ho khothaletsoa ha theknoloji ea "aluminium koporo" le "aluminium sebaka sa koporo", le ho khothaletsa mohlala oa "leseli ho kena koporo" ho tla ba le tšusumetso e kholo tlhokahalo ea koporo.
Ha e le hantle, ka lebaka la theko e phahameng ea koporo, phaello ea indasteri ea li-cable e ntse e eketseha, indasteri ea lik'hamera tsa malapeng "koporo e nang le aluminium", "aluminium ho e-na le koporo" e phahame haholo.'Me lik'hamphani tse ling tsa cable li nka linaha tsa Bophirimela e le mohlala - United States Electrical Installation Code 2008 (NEC) Article 310 "Litlhoko tse akaretsang tsa terata" li bolela hore thepa ea conductor ea conductor ke koporo, koporo-clad aluminium kapa aluminium (alloy) terata.Ka nako e ts'oanang, khaolo e hlalosa boholo ba bonyane ba aluminium ea koporo le koporo, lithapo tsa aluminium (alloy), sebopeho sa lithapo, maemo a kopo le bokhoni ba ho jara tlas'a maemo a sa tšoaneng - ho paka hore lihlahisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa aluminium li ke ke tsa tiisa feela hore li tsitsitse. ts'ebetso, empa hape ho kenya, lipalangoang le litšenyehelo tse ling li tlaase haholo, tse nang le phello e itseng indastering ea koporo.
Leha ho le joalo, hajoale, indasteri ea li-cable ea lapeng ha e so khone ho nts'etsapele tumellanong le tlhoko ea 'maraka kapa ho ratoa haholo ke basebelisi ba "aluminium ho fapana le koporo" lihlahisoa tsa cable, empa lebaka le ka sehloohong ke hore ka lehlakoreng le leng lipatlisiso tsa theknoloji ea sehlahisoa le lihlahisoa tsa thepa le lisebelisoa tsa merafo ha lia ka tsa atleha. ntshetsopele ha e so holile, e 'ngoe ke hore basebelisi ba li-cable ba malapeng ba ntse ba le mothating oa ho leta.Ka kholo e tsoelang pele ea theknoloji ea "aluminium-substituted koporo" le ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele ea lihlahisoa, e tla ba le tšusumetso e kholo indastering ea koporo.
Ntle le moo, mmuso o boetse o thehile litekanyetso tse ngata ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea aluminium.Ka mohlala, thapo ea aluminium ea koporo e entsoeng ka koporo ho tloha qalong ea lekholo la bo21 la lilemo e ile ea qala ho ntlafala, hona joale Chaena e ntlafalitse litekanyetso tsa indasteri ea terata ea koporo e entsoeng ka koporo le litekanyetso tsa lehae tsa aluminium tsa koporo li bile ngata.Mohlala, indasteri ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa China maemo a SJ/T 11223-2000 "Copper clad aluminium wire" standard bakeng sa tšebeliso e sa lekanang ea ASTM B566-1993 "copper clad aluminium terata" standard, e hlalosang litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso ea sebopeho sa li-conductors tsa koporo tse apereng aluminium bakeng sa thepa ea motlakase e nang le terata le thapo.Ho phaella moo, Profinse ea Liaoning e ile ea fana ka maemo a sebaka sa pele ho 2008: DB21 / T 1622-2008 J11218-2008 "Copper clad aluminium terata le lisebelisoa tsa theknoloji ea cable" (e ngotsoeng ke Design and Research Institute of Northeastern University).Qetellong, ka 2009, Xinjiang Autonomous Region e ile ea fana ka litekanyetso tsa sebaka seo: DB65 / T 3032-2009 "Rated voltage 450 / 750V Copper-clad aluminium composite core PVC insulated cable" le DB65 / T 3033-2009 "Rated voltage 0.6 / 1 koporo - thapo ea motlakase e kentsoeng ka aluminium e kentsoeng ka har'a konokono e kentsoeng ka mokelikeli oa motlakase ".
Ka bokhuts'oane, morekisi e moholo oa indasteri ea likhoele - indasteri ea koporo e ntse e tsoela pele ho amohela liphephetso tse tsoang kahare le kantle.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho haella ha mehloli ea koporo ea malapeng, ka lehlakoreng le leng, theknoloji ea indasteri ea "aluminium e boloka koporo" e ntse e potlakisa lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele, ka hona, indasteri ea ts'ebetso ea koporo e tla ea hokae nakong e tlang, empa hape e hloka ho leka ka kopanelo limmaraka tse holimo le tse tlase.
Nako ea poso: Feb-28-2024